@article{oai:nichibun.repo.nii.ac.jp:00000334,
 author = {FISTER, Patricia},
 journal = {Nichibunken Japan review : bulletin of the International Research Center for Japanese Studies},
 month = {Jan},
 note = {This paper explores the issue of gender distinctions in painting, artistic practice, and criticism during the Edo and early Meiji periods.  While the majority of women accepted the traditional, male-defined concept of femininity, there were women like Ema Saikō who quietly defined their own style of "femininity" and anticipated the liberal attitudes and lifestyles of the modern era.  Expressions of feminine sensibilities tend to be more apparent in the writings and activities of women artists than in their actual paintings, yet gender distinctions are sometimes visible in the choice of subjects and compositions.  The discussion here focuses particularly on images of women by women.},
 pages = {3--21},
 title = {Feminine perceptions in Japanese art of the kinsei era},
 volume = {8},
 year = {1997}
}